Breastfeeding Techniques: Outcome on Knowledge among Postnatal Primi Mothers

Mrs. Lavanya Suku¹, Dr. Santhi Appavu²

¹Assistant Professor, Christian College of Nursing, Neyyoor, The Tamilnadu

Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai.

²Principal, Christian College of Nursing, Neyyoor, The Tamilnadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai.

*Corresponding Author E-mail:

ABSTRACT:

The study aimed at assessing the effect of video teaching programme on knowledge regarding breastfeeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers. Methods: A quantitative research approach with one group pretest posttest research design was adopted. The sample consisted of 60 postnatal primi mothers selected by purposive sampling. Knowledge questionnaire and was prepared to assess the knowledge which was administered by using interiew technique. Video teaching program on breastfeeding techniques was given for 30 minutes. Various aspects of breastfeeding techniques were included in this teaching program. Posttest was done after one week with the same questionnaire. Results: the mean posttest knowledge score (16.78) was significantly higher than the mean pretest knowledge (10.11) the calculated “t” value for knowledge is 18.67 was higher than the table value of 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: These results support that the video teaching program was effective in improving the knowledge of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques.

KEYWORDS: Breast feeding techniques, postnatal primi mothers.

INTRODUCTION:

Breast milk is most natural best food and breast feeding is ideal for several reasons such as it helps to protect the babies from common illnesses, allergies and protection from infection and forms easily digestible curds and ensures optimum physical and mental growth and development and which are the base for their future life. Infants who are not breast fed may not learn as easily as breastfed infants. So breast feeding should be encouraged for all mothers, who have inclination to do. (1,2) Every pregnant woman must be prepared to breastfeed her baby during her pregnancy for successful breastfeeding in postnatal period.

Initiation of breast feeding with in the first half an hour of birth is the first and most vital step towards reducing infant and under five mortality, by reducing the over whelming high neonatal mortality rate. (6) This single intervention can save more than 2.5 lakhs babies in India that is equivalent to 22% of deaths among newborns. In a world where more than 10 million children die before their fifth birthday due to preventable causes, malnutrition alone kills more than half of these children. Improving breast feeding practices saves lives, especially in poor communities.(4,5)

The investigator during her postoperative ward posting observed that many postnatal primi mothers were not aware about breastfeeding techniques. So educating the primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques can give a healthy baby.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of video teaching programme on knowledge regarding breastfeeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers in selected hospitals in Kanyakumari district.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

· To assess the level of knowledge of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques before video teaching programme.

· To evaluate the effectiveness of video teaching program on the level of knowledge of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques after video teaching programme.

· To associate the pre test level of knowledge on breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers with selected demographic variables.

HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY:

H₁: There was a significant difference between pretest and posttest level of knowledge regarding breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers.

H₂: There was a significant association between the post-test level of knowledge on breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers with selected demographic variables.

Conceptual frame work:

This study is based on Von Bertalanffy general system theory. The main concept of the general system theory is input throughout and output. In this study the main purpose refers to improvement in knowledge among postnatal primi mothers regards breast feeding techniques. (3)

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A quantitative approach with one group pretest posttest pre experimental research design was adopted to carry out the study.

Settings:

The study was conducted at C.S.I. Hospital Nagercoil which is a 150 bed hospital with all emergency equipments and facilities are available and Kanyakumari medical mission Neyyoor with 600 beds. In both hospitals nearly 20 deliveries takes place daily.

Sample:

The sample consisted of postnatal primi mothers admitted in C.S.I. Hospital Nagercoil and C.S.I. Hospital Neyyoor.

Sampling method:

Purposive sampling was used to select the sample. Postnatal primi mothers who met the inclusion criteria were selected.

Inclusion criteria for sample selection:

Postnatal primi mothers who:

· can understand and speak Tamil

· were willing to participate in this study.

Measures:

The tool consisted of two sections. Section I addressed the demographic variables of postnatal primi mothers. Section II addressed the knowledge questionnaire on breast feeding techniques was prepared by the investigator after extensive review of literature and discussion with the experts in nursing and medical field.

Validity:

Content validity was determined by obtaining the opinion of experts from medical nursing and statistical field. A pilot study was done and the questionnaire was found to be relevant to the settings of the study.

Protection of the study participants:

The study was conducted after getting permission from the concerned authority in the Medical superintendent and head of the department of Kanyakumari Medical mission Neyyoor. Oral permission was obtained from the postnatal primi mothers after explaining the purpose of the study.

Data collection procedure:

The data collection procedure was done for a period of 4 weeks. Sixty postnatal mothers were personally interviewed with prepared interview guide. Each day the researcher interviewed 5 to 6 patients based on the inclusion criteria. The data collections were done as follows:

Step 1

The questionnaire was given to postnatal primi mothers to obtain necessary data. Video teaching programme was given on the same day of conducting pretest. Video teaching programme was lasted for thirty minutes.

Step 2

Posttest administered after 7 days of video teaching programme. The same questionnaires were used to collect the posttest data. The scoring was done based on the scoring procedure.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Out of 60 participants majority of 34(56.66%) postnatal primi mothers were living in joint family and 26 (43.33%) of them were living in nuclear family. With regard to the occupation 40(66.66%) postnatal primi mothers were house wife and 10(16.66%) in each were Cooley workers as well as workers of non medical profession. With regard to the source of information 27 (45.00%) postnatal primi mothers were getting information through mass media and least of 10 (16.66%) of them were getting information through health personnel.

Table: 1Data on pretest and posttest level of knowledge regarding breastfeeding techniques (N=60)

S. No	Level of knowledge	Postnatal primi mothers
		Pretest		Posttest
		F	percentage	f	Percentage
1. 2. 3.	Inadequate (0-50%) Moderate (51-75%) Adequate (76-100%)	50 10 -	83.33 16.66 -	- 44 16	- 73.33 26.66

The above table shows that the pretest majority of primi mothers 50(83.33%) had inadequate knowledge and only 10(16.66 %) mother had moderate knowledge. Whereas during post test all the mothers gained knowledge of which 44 (73.3%) had moderate knowledge and 16 (26.66%) had adequate knowledge.

Table:2 Effectiveness of video teaching programme on knowledge regarding breastfeeding techniques (N=60)

Sl. No	Postnatal primi mothers	Mean	S.D	M.D	t- value
1	Pre test	10.11	2.84	6.66	18.67*
2	Post test	16.78	3.08	6.66	18.67*

Among 60 postnatal primi mothers the mean pretest score for knowledge was 10.11 with standard deviation 2.84. The mean posttest score of knowledge was 16.78 with standard deviation 3.08. The mean difference was 6.66. The data obtained t-value was 18.67*. It was inferred that the video teaching program was effective in improving the level of knowledge of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques.

Data on association between posttest level of knowledge with their demographic variables:

Significant association between level of knowledge and selected demographic variables such as age (6.31), residence (6.270), and educational status (7.65) and there is no significant association between level of knowledge and selected demographic variables such as type of family, occupation and source of information.

CONCLUSION:

The study finding reveals that video teaching programme helps to improve the knowledge and attitude of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques. The study also reveals that there is association with selected demographic variables such as age, residence and educational status and no association with some demographic variables such as type of family, occupation and source of information.

REFERENCE:

1. Marlow, R.Dorothy. and Barbara. (2006). Text Book of Paediatric Nursing. Second Edition, Philadelphia W.B.Saunder’s Company.

2. Kishore MS. kumar P. aggarwak AK. Breast feeding knowledge and practices amongst mothers in a rural population of north india:a community based study J. Trop Pediatr.2009 jun;55 (3):183-8. Epub 2008 Decc 12.

3. Basavanthappa, B.T., (2009) Nursing Research, first edition, New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Publications.

4. Chatman Lm, Salihu Hm, Roofe Me, Wheatle P, Hendry D, Jolly Pe; Influence of knowledge ad attitudes on exclusive breastfeeding practice among rural Jamaican Mothers: Birth; 2004 Dec; 31(4): 265-71.

5. Dewan N, Wood L, Maxwell S, Cooper C, Brabin B; Breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of teenage mothers in Liverpool. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2002 Feb: 15(1):33-7.

6. Ogbonna C, Daboer Jc; Current knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Jos, Nigeria: Niger J Med. 2007 Jul-Sep: 16 (3): 256-60.

Received on 08.01.2021 Modified on 14.03.2021

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2021; 9(3):322-324.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2021.00075